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milstar: 8923H TWT �� Frequency: 30–31 / 33–36 / 43.5–45.5 GHz �� Psat (min.): 300 W / 380 W / 175 W �� DC in (max): 780 W / TBD / 550 W �� Dissipation (max): 480 W / TBD / 380 W �� Size: 2.8” x 2.3” x 12.0” �� Weight: < 4 lbs ############### Note: Different voltages required for Ka and Q band operation http://www.l-3com.com/eti/downloads/military/8923H.pdf Military and Telecommunications Products High Power MMW Helix TWT Product Listing http://www.l-3com.com/eti/product_lines_military_twt.htm
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milstar: TWTs Still Drive High-Power Systems Vacuum tubes may not have the sizzle of their solid-state counterparts, but in radar, satcom, EW, ECM, and other applications, their power/bandwidth characteristics remain unchallenged. Meppalli Shandas | ED Online ID #21520 | July 2009 Vacuum tubes were once the active devices of choice in high-frequency systems. With increasing use of solid-state devices, however, vacuum electron devices (VEDs) play less dominant roles in microwave and millimeter- wave systems, although they still offer the most power per device for most applications. Vacuum tubes such as klystrons, crossed-field amplifiers (CFAs), gyrotrons, magnetrons, inductive output tubes (IOTs) and, in particular, traveling wave tubes (TWTs), continue to retain their solid position in defense applications and even in some commercial and industrial applications as well. The fact remains that at high microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies, monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) and RF power transistors can’t match the power/bandwidth product that these “mature” devices can deliver. Of course, this “dollars per watt” scenario changes every year, as devices based on GaAs, silicon and, increasingly, gallium nitride (GaN) offer higher power levels at higher frequencies. These improving performance levels help chip away at vacuum tube bastions such as broadcast transmitters, and electronic warfare (EW), electronic countermeasures (ECM), and radar systems. However, they have a long way to go before they will be able to produce megawatts of power at 40 GHz like a klystron or gyrotron, or 250 kW like a coupled-cavity TWT. The challenge of reducing the staggering losses incurred in power combining networks alone would be enough to scare away even the most ardent supporter of solid-state technology. The TWT is arguably the most widely used VED for microwave defense, instrumentation, and satellite communications applications. It provides the extremely high output-power density required by these applications at microwave frequencies, with time-tested reliability. Development continues on the devices as well as the amplifiers and transmitters they enable, and the power supplies whose characteristics are critical to ensure the performance and longevity of TWTs. A TWT is an inherently high-gain, low-noise amplifier with wider bandwidth than that of a klystron. The TWT (Fig. 1) uses a slow-wave structure (either a coupled-cavity circuit or for purposes of this discussion, helix) to create interaction between a high-energy electron beam and an RF wave in a vacuum envelope. In a TWT, electrons are generated by a heated cathode in an electron gun assembly and launched into the interaction region. The electron beam is controlled by an electrode that switches it on and off by changing the control electrode potential (bias) to either positive or negative with respect to the cathode. The switching of bias voltages is performed by the modulator in the transmitter to transition the device from a conduction state to a cutoff state. The electron beam is focused by magnets along the axis of the TWT and the beam is accelerated by a high potential between the cathode and the anode (collector). The RF wave propagates from the input to the output through the slow-wave structure, and the highenergy electron beam gives up energy to the RF wave as it travels along the axis of the tube, providing amplification before the high-frequency signal reaches the RF output port. Unlike their solid-state counterparts, TWTs require high voltages to be applied to their electrodes, with proportionally higher voltages needed to produce higher RF output levels. For example, an 8-kW, X-band helix TWT requires an input voltage of about 14 kV while a 100-kW coupled-cavity TWT requires about 45 kV input voltage. Physically smaller mini-TWTs operate with input voltages from 3.5 to 7 kV. A good example of a TWT amplifier (TWTA) application is the radar transmitter shown in Fig. 2, which is typical of transmitters using other types of microwave tubes as well. A pulsed signal from the radar waveform generator is applied to an amplifier that employs RF power transistors to produce an output that drives the TWT. This signal is sent to the input of the TWT where isolators are used to ensure proper input matching and inter-stage isolation, and a PIN-diode switch is present to shut off the driver’s output to protect the TWT from overload. In addition to the TWT, the RF output section includes a dual-directional coupler to determine the RF output level as well as the reflected power level to protect the TWT from damage in high VSWR conditions. Other components include an isolator and often a harmonic suppression filter and waveguide switch that can divert the TWT’s output to a dummy load for testing. An arc detector is generally included in very-high-power transmitters, which senses breakdown in the waveguide and turns off the RF drive power to the TWT at high speed to prevent damage to its output port window. Other protective mechanisms cover excessive current in the high-voltage power supply, modulator, and TWT, which are carefully designed to prevent false alarms while providing high levels of safety. TWTs from various manufacturers vary considerably in many respects, and only through experience can amplifier and transmitter manufacturers such as dB Control determine which one is best suited for a specific application. There is ample reason for this caution since as the core element of the transmitter, which is the TWT, affects nearly every aspect of performance. Key TWT considerations include power supply requirements, operating voltage levels and power consumption, thermal design power dissipation and thermal design, size and weight, temperature, altitude and vibration performance, and demonstrated record of reliability. TWTs used for transponder amplifiers in satellites, where power is limited, are typical examples for the high efficiency and reliability figures that can be achieved by careful design of TWTs. The RF output power to prime power input ratio that describes real efficiency is greater than 60 percent for these devices, and recent reports show that efficiency of nearly 70 percent has been achieved. These TWTs also have proven to be highly reliable and have long operating lives (greater than 20 years) to provide uninterrupted service in communication and radar applications. Even today, for Ku-band and higher frequencies, TWTs are the only amplification devices used in satellites. The applications for TWTs include those that pose minimal constraints on size, weight, and power consumption. However, in others such as satellite transponders and most recently military unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the RF power generation section must share the available space with massive amounts of signal processing, avionics, power supply, and other hardware. A solution to this problem was the creation of the mini- TWT which, as its name suggests, is a small version of a conventional TWT (typically about 7 in. long) and requires a lower-voltage power supply (to 8 kV). However, it is also limited in RF output power to about 200 W CW (1 kW peak), although retaining its broadband, high-frequency capabilities. These devices are available at frequencies to about 50 GHz. Impressive though the mini-TWT may be, it has greater potential when incorporated into a microwave power module (MPM). The MPM resulted from a tri-service (United States Air Force, Army, and Navy) vacuum electronics initiative launched in 1990, which had the goal of combining the best characteristics of VED and solid-state technologies to produce common, medium-power building blocks for radar, EW, and ECM systems that could be manufactured in high volume at reasonable cost. The ultimate goal of the program was to produce extremely small modules but ultimately resulted in modules that were considerably larger. However, they still consume less space than a traditional TWTA, are comparatively light in weight, and operate from power supplies ranging from 28 to 270 VDC. Today, dB Control and other manufacturers offer a wide array of MPMs for operation from S-band to W-band frequencies in CW and pulsed configurations, with RF outputs from less than 20 W to more than 1 kW with a 20 to 40 percent duty cycle, 100 to 400 µs pulse width, and variable pulse repetition frequency. In a classic MPM (Fig. 3), the RF signal path consists of a mini-TWT and a solid-state driver amplifier accompanied by an electronic power conditioner that acts as the high-voltage power supply for the TWT and control circuits. The power produced by the driver amplifier typically negates any reduction in gain resulting from the shortened helix length in the TWT. The MPM fully exploits the power-handling capability, bandwidth, efficiency, and heat-tolerance inherent in TWTs. MPMs are highly regarded not just for active electronically steered array (AESA) radar applications, but in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems in which long pulse widths are required, EW and ECM suites, and commercial and military satellite communications systems. dB Control MPMs are used in transmitters for radar and ECM applications. These products have exceeded all performance goals and are now in continuous production. The MPMs are employed in many UAVs in which the platforms’ prime power, size, and weight are very limited and long failure-free operation is essential. Continue to page 2 http://www.mwrf.com/Articles/Index.cfm?Ad=1&ArticleID=21520
milstar: TWTs Still Drive High-Power Systems Vacuum tubes may not have the sizzle of their solid-state counterparts, but in radar, satcom, EW, ECM, and other applications, their power/bandwidth characteristics remain unchallenged. Meppalli Shandas | ED Online ID #21520 | July 2009 The MPM is also useful as a transmitter module in an AESA system because power output can be increased one or more orders of magnitude greater than the power achieved with the solid-state power amplifier in the transmit/ receive (T/R) module. MPMs also have wider bandwidths and greater heat tolerance than solid-state amplifiers. AESA systems using MPMs as transmitter modules have been deployed in octave- bandwidth ECM systems and in airborne data link systems. Complete MPM-based transmitter line replaceable units (LRU) are also available. An example of a MPM-based transmitter suite for ECM applications developed by dB Control is shown in Figure 4. The suite operates from aircraft three-phase 115 VAC power. It consists of four MPMbased CW and pulsed transmitters covering 2 to 7 GHz and 6 to 18 GHz to produce the total 2-to-18- GHz frequency coverage. The suite was designed for the harsh conditions encountered in airborne environments, and can withstand gunfire vibration, operation at +100o C for short periods, and is compliant with MIL-STD461E. In addition to the solid-state driver amplifier, the RF input section includes isolators, directional couplers for sampling at various stages, bandpass filters, switches for selecting specific filters, and a TWT gain equalizer. A dual-directional coupler, forward and reflected power monitoring, and high-VSWR protection circuit follow the TWT. In many respects, the power supply is as important to performance, reliability, and longevity as the TWTs themselves. It must deliver the high voltages required by the TWTs, filter and condition the prime power, and generate and regulate all voltages required by the circuits in the ECM suite. The importance of the power supply led dB Control many years ago to begin manufacturing its own power supplies and even many of the individual components for those power supplies in order to ensure quality control. The ECM suite successfully met demanding requirements for performance over temperature, altitude, vibration, shock acceleration, explosive atmosphere, rain, humidity, and other factors, as well as EMC compliance. The suite delivers RF output power of 250 W under CW or pulsed conditions from 2 to 7 GHz and 100 W from 6 to 18 GHz, 1.5 kW peak (6-percent duty cycle) from 6 to 18 GHz, and to 300 W under CW or pulsed signal conditions from 6.5 to 18 GHz from its dual-transmitter “high-band” section. Despite the continuous increases in the performance of RF power transistors and MMIC amplifiers, and the use of high-power combining techniques to efficiently add the contributions of numerous high-power transistors into a common output, the TWT remains the power source of choice for a broad range of defense systems and some commercial and industrial applications with RF power outputs to 2.5 kW CW and 25 kW pulse at frequencies to 95 GHz. No single solid-state amplifier can deliver this level of peak-to-average power and bandwidth for most applications. In fact, the vast majority or EW and ECM systems both deployed and in development rely on either TWTs or some type of VED, and this is likely to remain the case for many years to come. supplemental information http://www.radartutorial.eu/08.transmitters/tx04.en.html
Wilno: A RUZA cem zanimaetsja,kosmicheskim musorom?Rossiiskix THAADov na gorizonte ne vidno.
Wilno: Spasibo Milstar.Thanck you.Nu ochen interesno.Ne znal.chto na THAADas GaAs,dumal 5 raz efektinei GaN.Ne uspeli prinyat na vooruzhenie -uspeli ustaret.Vo ka zhizn menjaetse.Voprosik:na koi bes rysskim supostatovskie sputniki svezi,esli sami proizvodiat takie zhe transpondery na TWT?Logiki ne vizhu.
milstar: 1.A RUZA cem zanimaetsja,kosmicheskim musorom?Rossiiskix THAADov na gorizonte ne vidno. woth THAAD http://www.raytheon.com/businesses/rids/products/rtnwcm/groups/public/documents/content/rtn_bus_ids_prod_thaad_pdf.pdf 9.2 kw.metra ,25344 MMIC ,X-band -primerno 2700 blochkow na kwadr. metr 2. Rossiiskix THAADov na gorizonte ne vidno Rekord GaAs na 10 ghz Fujitsu -100 watt awerage power ( w impulse do 1000 watt) Rossijskie GaAS na 10 ghz imejut 80 watt average power Wi twerdo ywerenni chto 10 ghz odnodiapazonnij AFAR RLS lutschee reschenie ? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dlja kakix zadach ? Wozmoznie alternativi za etu ze stoimost# dwuxdiapazonnaja RLS 10 ghz -PFAR 35 ghz -cassegr. antenna Y AFAR est' rjad preimuschestw ,no ni odno reschenie ne platonowskoe ################################################# S tochki zrenija awtora mozno rassmotret' wozmoznost' kombinazii 2 texnologij i 2 diapazonow ... Nedostatki odnogo reschenija/texnologii/diapazona budut kompensirowanni silnimi storonami drugoj ...
milstar: na koi bes rysskim supostatovskie sputniki svezi,esli sami proizvodiat takie zhe transpondery na TWT?Logiki ne vizhu. ? Sputnikowoj Sistemi swjazi s boewoj ystojschiwost'ju srawnimoj s milstar 44/20 ghz s nagruzkoj pod yadernuju wojnu ######################### w Rossii k sozaleniju net ... zapustit' rawnoe po masse na sootw. orbitu wozmozno (stoimost# protona dlja Rossii - 25-30 mln $) No sputnikow net ...
Wilno: Вопрос с РУЗОИ открыт?Методом исключения.Для прдупржедении о нападении иемется космическое "Око" и обзорные РЛС на ДЦМ по периметру.Ну и"Дон",как остаток ПРО Москвы.РУЗА,разрешение которои 20 см,в ПРО не вписывается,для предупреждения такое разрешение излишнее,а GBI-THAAD"made in Russia" даже на бумаге нет.Остается микроспутники да муссор.Вообшем-гражданскии радар-какои смысл секретничить?Или это "Булова Но 2"-корабль есть,возить нечего?На счет GaAs.Google дал инфо про радар AN/APG-77 ot Raptor'a.2000 модулеи по 10 W.Производитель утверждает,что это махимум,для большеи мошности нужны GaN,предел 100 w.Но тогда возникает неразрешимые проблемы с отводом тепла-летаюшая печка,а не стельс.Получается что корабельные Aegis SPY-1/3 и THAAD-не монокристалы а десятки тысяч передачикиов велечинои с кирпичь.Или я ошибаюсь?
milstar: Вопрос с РУЗОИ открыт? http://www.radiofizika.ru/services/radiolocation/mmdv-ruza/ Методом исключения.Для прдупржедении о нападении иемется космическое "Око" и обзорные РЛС на ДЦМ по периметру.Ну и"Дон",как остаток ПРО Москвы.РУЗА,разрешение которои 20 см,в ПРО не вписывается,для предупреждения такое разрешение излишнее,а GBI-THAAD"made in Russia" даже на бумаге нет. RUZA prodemonstrirowala w 1989 chto dostignuta moschnsot' megawatt w 35 ghz а GBI-THAAD"made in Russia" даже на бумаге нет Na bumage nawernjaka est' ,tolko eto gostajna .... 1. Officialnno soobschalos' o sistemax s-500,s-1000 2. dwux diapazonnaja RLS Mars http://www.rti-mints.ru/prls.htm Речь идет о прообразе радиолокационного информационного комплекса будущего - многофункциональной адаптивной РЛС типа “Марс” и его экспортном варианте “Марс-Э”. Это должен быть мобильный (перебазируемый) комплекс полной заводской готовности (ПЗГ), обладающий высокой универсальностью. Многофункциональная двухдиапазонная РЛС «Марс» Он может применяться как в системах ПРН, ККП, ПРО ракетно-космической обороны, так и для целей нестратегической ПРО наземного и морского базирования, использоваться в качестве базового информационного средства зон и районов ПВО (ВКО), а также высокоточного экспериментально-измерительного инструмента на полигонах и космодромах. Остается микроспутники да муссор.Вообшем-гражданскии радар-какои смысл секретничить? s woprosami po sekretnosti obraschajtes' w www.fsb.ru Или это "Булова Но 2"-корабль есть,возить нечего?На счет GaAs.Google дал инфо про радар AN/APG-77 ot Raptor'a.2000 модулеи по 10 W.Производитель утверждает,что это махимум,для большеи мошности нужны GaN,предел 100 w .Но тогда возникает неразрешимые проблемы с отводом тепла-летаюшая печка,а не стельс. Ob oni razreschimi ili net -ne znaju ,no nawernjaka est' 2700 modulej na 1 kwadratnij metr pri polnoj AFAR na 8.5 ghz . KPD w etom diapazone 50% . Esli impulsnaja moschnsot' 1000 watt , srednjaa 100 watt i KPD 50% to 100 watt* 2700= 270 kwt s odnogo kwadratnogo metra w diapazonax wische 10 ghz KPD GaAS i GaN padaet nize 50% ,na 35 ghz -25% Получается что корабельные Aegis SPY-1/3 и THAAD-не монокристалы а десятки тысяч передачикиов велечинои с кирпичь. Или я ошибаюсь? ############ THAAD polnaja AFAR s ploschad'ju 9.2 kw. metra i 25344 GaAs MIC Bloschki raspolagajutsja s h/2 8 ghz h= 300/8 = 370 mm h/2 =185 mm велечинои с кирпичь. ################ http://www.triquint.com/prodserv/markets/military/radar.cfm wiberite i posmotrite .pdf file Ranee na wse waschi woprosi otwechalos# w drugix thread naetom forume ###################################################
Wilno: Spacibo Milstar.
milstar: Spacibo Milstar. ne za chto . ne zabud#te chto s powischeniem chastoti s 8 ghz do 35 ghz ,chislo GaAS MMIC ywelichiwaetsja w 16 raz Esli mensche ,to degradacija parametrow AFAR THAAD samaja krupnaja polnaja GaAS AFAR 9.2 kw.metra 25 344 GaAS MMIC SBX 400 kw.metrow wsego 68 000 GaAS MMIC na 400 kw .metrow -stoit 800 mln $ ( s plawajuschej platformoj) toze X-Band .Opisanie priwedeno w PRO/BMDO i drugix thread
milstar: СВЧ - техника Электровакуумные приборы ЛБВ непрерывного (0,01...2 кВт) и импульсного (0,02 ... 30 кВт) режимов в диапазоне от 1 до 17 ГГц. ЛБВ миллиметрового диапазона (до 94 ГГц). Одно- и многолучевые клистроны непрерывного (0,1...100 кВт) и импульсного режимов (до 500 кВт и более). Малогабаритные импульсные клистроны (мощность до 2 кВт, масса 1 кг). Многолучевые клистроды для современных телевизионных передатчиков. Магнетроны для промышленного и медицинского применения (0,2...50 кВт). Миниатюрные синхронизированные магнетроны непрерывного режима (масса 120 г, мощность 30 Вт) для систем связи. Малошумящие электростатические усилители, обеспечивающие защиту приемного устройства от падающей мощности до 20 кВт в импульсе при среднем значении до 400 Вт. Лампы обратной волны миллиметрового и субмиллиметрового диапазонов (до 1100 ГГц). http://www.istok-mw.ru/products/uhf/products5_1.htm
milstar: http://www.istok-mw.ru/science/publics/journal/UHF2009-01.pdf
milstar: http://www.l-3com.com/edd/mpm/index.htm Click on each tube type for detailed specifications available in pdf format MPM Type Frequency (GHz) Output Power (Watts) Input Voltage Prime Power ( Watts) Dimensions (Inches) M1201 2.0 - 6.0 80 28 VDC 375 10.75 x 7 x1.25 M1220 6 – 18 60-100 270 VDC 375 7.5 x 6.25 x 1 M1221 6 – 18 60-100 28 VDC 400 7.8 x 7.5 x 1.25 M1225 6-18 100-125 28 VDC 425 see outline M1231 12.75 – 14.5 80 270 VDC 325 7.5 x 6.25 x 1 M1232 12.75 – 14.5 75 115/208 VAC 400 7.5 x 6.2 x 1.6 M1270 X-Band 1 kW pulsed 28 VDC 275 11 x 6 x 2 M1282 26 – 40 20 28 VDC 350 7.5 x 8.5 x 1.25 M1300 30 - 36 26 - 40 50 30 28 VDC 350 7.5 x 8.5 x 2.6 M1290 30 – 31 25 270 300 see outline M1340 43.3 – 45.7 40 120 VAC 300 12 x 10 x 3.5
milstar: L-3 Communications Electron Devices Awarded Contract to Supply Microwave Tubes for AMRAAM Missile Program ########################################################################## SAN CARLOS, CA, July 28, 2005 – L-3 Communications Electron Devices (L-3 Electron Devices), a division of L-3 Communications Corporation, announced today that it has been awarded a contract from Raytheon Missile Systems Division, based in Tucson, AZ, for the fourth release of a six-year requirements contract to supply all traveling wave tubes used in the AIM-120 Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM). Under the terms of the overall contract, L-3 Electron Devices could deliver over 3,000 tubes to Raytheon. Deliveries for this latest order will begin in early 2006 and run through mid-2007. L-3 Electron Devices’ traveling wave tubes are used in the active seeker of the AMRAAM missile. The missile is used extensively by the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy and more than 20 countries, and is the preeminent beyond-visual-range active radar missile in terms of accuracy and effectiveness. “Raytheon’s AIM-120 AMRAAM missile is the world’s most capable and widely used medium-range missile,” said Jim Benham, president of L-3 Electron Devices. “We have been a supplier of these tubes to the AMRAAM program under previous contracts, and this award permits us to continue to deliver to this important weapons system.” L-3 Electron Devices is a worldwide supplier of microwave power devices to all major prime contractors on key military programs, including missile seekers, aircraft navigation and landing systems, airborne and ground radars and electronic warfare and communications systems. The company also supplies transmitter tubes to the broadcast television industry. L-3 Electron Devices has offices in San Carlos, CA, and Williamsport, PA. To learn more about L-3 Electron Devices, please visit the company’s web site at www.L-3Com.com/edd. Headquartered in New York City, L-3 Communications is a leading provider of Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) systems, secure communications systems, aircraft modernization, training and government services and is a merchant supplier of a broad array of high technology products. Its customers include the Department of Defense, Department of Homeland Security, selected U.S. Government intelligence agencies and aerospace prime contractors. To learn more about L-3 Communications, please visit the company's web site at www.L-3Com.com.
milstar: kompanija Gikom Rossijskaja Giro -LBW (gyro -twt) 180 kwt w impulse 35 ghz ,polosa 3500 mgz (razr. sposbnost* RLS bez extrapoljazii polosi 71 mm) http://www.gycom.ru/products/pr3.html wot odin iz awtorow Денисов Григорий Геннадьевич председатель экспертного совета Тел. 831-436-99-20 e-mail: den@appl.sci-nnov.ru 2 lampi (MMW radar ispolzuet toze dwa ysilitelja) = 360 kwt Dalnost* Warloc 1.8 metra/94 ghz /100 kwt w impulse dlja yglow elevazii bolee 30 grad 700 km Ky antenni 62.7 db (primerno 2 mln po moschnosti ) pri schirine lucha 0.1 grad na 35 ghz s antennoj 5.4 metra schirina lucha budet 0.1 grad kak SBX X band s 18 metrow diametrom dalnost* s 360 kwt do 1000 km В ГИКОМе работают высококвалифицированные специалисты в различных областях радиофизики и электроники, в том числе более 10 докторов наук и около 40 кандидатов физико-математических и технических наук. Среди его сотрудников 8 лауреатов Государственной премии СССР, 3 человека удостоены этой премии дважды.
milstar: J. R. Sirigiri, M. A. Shapiro, and R. J. Temkin Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Power levels of up to 180 kW, 30 dB gain and 10% bandwidth ##################################### were achieved in a 35 GHz gyro-TWT using a helically #################################### corrugated cylindrical interaction structure [6]. ################################## [6] G.G. Denisov et al., in Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on IRMM Waves (Ref. [2]), p. 197. E-mail i tel . awtora dannoj lampi wische ... Although these are very impressive advances, they face significant obstacles in extension to operation at higher frequency, such as 95 GHz at high average power
milstar: UCD Gyro-TWT Program: 94-GHz TE01 Gyro-TWT The threestage amplifier is predicted by our large-signal simulation code to generate 105 kW at 94 GHz with 21% efficiency, 45 dB saturated gain and 5% constant-drive bandwidth./5000 mgz/ ################################### D.B. McDermott, Y. Hirata, S.B. Harriet, A.T. Lin1, D.A. Gallagher2, C.M. Armstrong2, Q.S. Wang3, C.K. Chong4, K.C. Leou5, H.E. Huey3 and N.C. Luhmann, Jr. Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis 1 Department of Physics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 2 Northrop Grumman Corp., Rolling Meadows, IL ################################### 3 Micramics, Inc., Santa Clara, CA 4 Hughes Electron Dynamics Division, Torrance, CA ################################## 5 Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
milstar: Wopros 1. -Skolko stoit 35 ghz /3500 mgz /180 kwt - Zakaz 10 stuk primerno 100 000 $ za stuku 2. -Mozno parallelit* dlja naraschiwanija moschnsoti (MMW radar 94 ghz modifikazija -2 ysilitelja) - Wopros k razrabotchiku RLS ,mozno i bolsche ...30 3. - Esli bil bi zakaz i finansirowanie NIOKR wi bi wzjalis* razrabotat* 94 ghz /3500 mgz /100 kwt - wozmozno
milstar: http://bibliothek.fzk.de/zb/berichte/FZKA6957.pdf nemezkaja tochka zrenija 2004 goda .priwedeni dannie po rossijskim lampam ... gyro-twt /lampa Denisova Gycom) potenzialno sposobna k bolee schirokoj polose chem gyroklystron i bolee prigodna k primeneniju w RLS i swjazi Gycom Gyro-twt 180 kwt impuls 35 ghz/3500 mgz Warloc radar Gyroklystron 100 kwt impuls 94 ghz/700 mgz
milstar: ETI has produced ten's of thousands of TWTs at rates as high as 100/month to support numerous communications, radar and EW systems throughout the world. Government systems include the F-14, F-15 & F-18 weapons control radars, the JSTARS airborne surveillance radar, the AMRAAM missile seeker, the Firefinder & Patriot ground based mobile radars and several surface & airborne MILSATCOM uplinks. Commercial systems include point-to-multipoint telecom, SATCOM uplink and instrumentation. Recently ETI has focused on bringing forward a family of high power high efficiency millimeter-wave helix TWTs for communications, radar, EW and instrumentation applications. http://www.l-3com.com/eti/product_lines_military_twt.htm
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