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Operazionnie ysiliteli ,ZAP/AZP & (продолжение)
milstar: 1941: First (vacuum tube) op-amp An op-amp, defined as a general-purpose, DC-coupled, high gain, inverting feedback amplifier, is first found in US Patent 2,401,779 "Summing Amplifier" filed by Karl D. Swartzel Jr. of Bell labs in 1941. This design used three vacuum tubes to achieve a gain of 90dB and operated on voltage rails of ±350V. ###################################################### It had a single inverting input rather than differential inverting and non-inverting inputs, as are common in today's op-amps. Throughout World War II, Swartzel's design proved its value by being liberally used in the M9 artillery director designed at Bell Labs. ######################################################################### This artillery director worked with the SCR584 radar system to achieve extraordinary hit rates (near 90%) that ####################################################################### would not have been possible otherwise.[3] ########################### http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operational_amplifier
milstar: Global RADAR market size is estimated to reach $10.4 billion by 2022, growing at a CAGR of 3.9% from 2016 to 2022.
milstar: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ad9213.pdf
milstar: https://www.electronicdesign.com/adc/inside-look-high-speed-adc-accuracy-part-2
milstar: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ad9652.pdf APPLICATIONS Military radar and communications Multimode digital receivers (3
milstar: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/238718fa.pdf
milstar: http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/ads54j60.pdf
milstar: http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/ads54j69.pdf
milstar: http://www.ee.fju.edu.tw/pages/032_faculty/sclin/lecture/Rada_System_Design/Chapter7.pdf
milstar: Marki Microwave | 215 Vineyard Ct. | Morgan Hill, CA 95037 | PH 408.778.4200 | info@markimicrowave. com Section 4. Summary and Conclusion The T3 is a true paradigm shift in mixer technology. Perhaps the greatest achievement of the T3 is the fact that much of the existing dogma surrounding mixers has been turned upside https://www.markimicrowave.com/home/ https://www.markimicrowave.com/assets/appnotes/t3_primer.pdf - down. Since the 1960s, mixers experts have promoted the following ideas: 1. Mixers require specific LO drive over a range of approximately 3 dB. 2. Mixers compress 5 - 7 dB below the LO drive. 3. Mixer spurious performance does not always improve with increasi ng LO. 4. Mixer IIP3 is approximately 1 to 2 dB above the optimal LO drive. 5. Sine wave LO drive is acceptable, square - wave LO drive does not improve mixer performance significantly. We agree with all of the above statements, assuming we are restricting the di scussion to double balanced mixers . For the T3 mixer, the following (new) rules apply: 1. T3 mixers can operate with any LO drive above about +13 dBm. 2. T3 mixer compression is approximately equal to the LO drive itself. 3. Increasing the LO drive always improves spurious performance in a T3. 4. Increasing the LO drive always improves the IIP3 of a T3. IIP3 is approximately 10 - 15 dB higher than the LO drive. 5. Square - wave LO drive is always better than sine wave drive for a T3. Marki Microwave continues to develop the T3 technology to reach an ever - increasing customer base. In time, it is conceivable that the majority of the legacy mixer technology available today will be superseded by the T3 and its offspring technology. For these reasons, the T3 is truly a mixer for t he 21 st century.
milstar: https://mostlymissiledefense.com/2012/04/12/cobra-dane-radar-april-12-2012/ http://www.radartutorial.eu/19.kartei/01.oth/karte003.en.html The radar system uses linear frequency modulated (LFM) (intrapulse modulation). The transmitters swept bandwidth is 200 MHz (up-chirp). It's time-bandwidth product is TB = 200,000. This allows a resolution of 0.2 MHz per nanosecond, i.e. a radar range resolution of 3 ¾ ft (= 115 cm). The first receivers intermediate frequency (IF) is 490 MHz at the output of a correlation mixer, the second IF is 60 MHz As originally built, in wide-band mode Cobra Dane used a 1 ms pulse with a 200 MHz bandwidth (obtained using linear frequency modulation pulse compression) at frequencies between 1.175 and 1.375 GHz, and was limited to angles within 22.5˚ of its boresite. In wideband operation, it has a range resolution of about 3.75 feet (1.14 m). In narrowband operation, it uses frequencies between 1.215 to 1.250 GHz (corresponding to a wavelength of about 24.3 cm). In search, it uses 1 MHz pulses with lengths of 1.5 or 2.0 ms, and in track it uses six different 5 MHZ bandwidth pulses with lengths between 0.15 and 1.5 ms. The radar also has two 1.0 ms, 25 MHz bandwidth pulses used for ionospheric compensation.As originally built, in wide-band mode Cobra Dane used a 1 ms pulse with a 200 MHz bandwidth (obtained using linear frequency modulation pulse compression) at frequencies between 1.175 and 1.375 GHz, and was limited to angles within 22.5˚ of its boresite. In wideband operation, it has a range resolution of about 3.75 feet (1.14 m). In narrowband operation, it uses frequencies between 1.215 to 1.250 GHz (corresponding to a wavelength of about 24.3 cm). In search, it uses 1 MHz pulses with lengths of 1.5 or 2.0 ms, and in track it uses six different 5 MHZ bandwidth pulses with lengths between 0.15 and 1.5 ms. The radar also has two 1.0 ms, 25 MHz bandwidth pulses used for ionospheric compensation.
milstar: https://www.icomamerica.com/en/products/amateur/hf/9100/default.aspx https://www.icomamerica.com/en/products/amateur/hf/9100/default.aspx 1200 mhz triple conversion 24 bit ADC
milstar: https://www.custommmic.com/resources/cmd283c3-1218.pdf https://www.custommmic.com/cmd283c3/
milstar: Mixer https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ADL5365.pdf +20 dbm input on 50 ohm ! 100 milliwatt on 50 ohm = u*u/8Rn ===== 6.3 volt peak to peak on input ! ( rosetka 220volt peak to peak 220*2*square root from 2 =220*2.82=620volt peak to peak ) =========================== https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/hmc785.pdf he HMC785LP4 1db compression point 26dbm
milstar: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/application-notes/high_ip3_mixers_for_cellular_applications.pdf
milstar: https://ww2.minicircuits.com/app/AN00-009.pdf
milstar: https://nardamiteq.com/docs/MITEQ_Mixer_Question_Answers.pdf
milstar: http://rfic.eecs.berkeley.edu/ee242/pdf/Module_5_3_MixerDesign.pdf
milstar: http://amsacta.unibo.it/1258/1/GA051750.PDF
milstar: http://vko.forum24.ru/?1-3-0-00000201-000-240-0
milstar: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/5551fa.pdf
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