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А-135 ,SBX,MMW,Haystack,Pave Paws ...
milstar: А-135 – единственная в мире боедежурящая система противоракетной обороны http://vko.ru/DesktopModules/Articles/ArticlesView.aspx?tabID=320&ItemID=434&mid=3087&wversion=Staging In 2003, I received a declassified Strategic Air Command document that showed how the United States reacted when the Soviet Union built a limited missile defense system back in the late 1960s. The response was overwhelming: A nuclear strike plan that included more than 100 ICBMs plus an unknown number of SLBMs to overwhelm and destroy the Soviet interceptors and radars. Based on the declassified information, two colleagues and I estimated in an article in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists that the total strike plan involved approximately 130 nuclear warheads with a total combined yield of some 115 megatons. Here is how the SAC historian described the plan: http://www.fas.org/blog/ssp/2007/07/targeting_missile_defense_syst.php “To ensure the penetration of the ICBM force, the Soviet ABM system would be attacked first. Minuteman E and F and Polaris missiles would first hit the Hen House early warning radars, and their Tallin system defenses [SA-5 SAM, ed.]. Then the Dog House radar and the Triad system around Moscow would be attacked. More than 100 Minuteman would be involved in the ABM suppression.” Source: U.S. Strategic Air Command, History of U.S. Strategic Air Command January-June 1968, February 1969, p. 300. Excerpts (pp. 300-306) available here (pdf, 0.8 MB). The Soviet ABM system back then consisted of about fifteen facilities, including eight launch sites around Moscow with a total of 64 nuclear-tipped interceptors, half a dozen SA-5 launch complexes (later found not to have much ABM capability) near Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), and at least three large early warning radars. Each of these surface facilities were highly vulnerable to the blast effect from a single nuclear warhead, so the large number of ICBMs was mainly needed to “suppress” (overwhelm) the interceptors. In the late 1980s, the Soviets upgraded they system by moving 32 remaining interceptors at four sites into underground silos (see Figure 2) and adding 68 shorter-range nuclear-tipped interceptors at five new sites closer to Moscow. This hardened and dispersed the interceptors, requiring U.S. planners to upgrade their strike plan, which #################################################################### probably ballooned to more than 200 warheads (although with less total yield due to more accurate missiles with ##################################################################### less powerful warheads).
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milstar: COBRA GEMINI http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/track/cobra_gemini.htm Tracking is performed at S-band. The X-Band frequency, essential for signature data collection and for supporting the wide bandwidth imaging requirement, is not well-suited for initial target acquisition or tracking complexes which have significant spatial separation. At S-Band, the area of the beam is ten times greater than at X-Band and results in an excellent acquisition and tracking capability. X-band monopulse is not being considered due to cost and complications to feed and receiver design. The maximum range window to be covered in bow-tie search mode is 1200 km. In the nominal mission scenario this window will extend from 300 km range to 1500 km range with 1 second dwell [1 second of noncoherent integration].
milstar: http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/nssrm/initiatives/cobragem.htm U) The system collects dual frequency, high precision metric and signature intelligence (MASINT) data on targets of interest. The S- and X-band transmitters are phase-coherent, broadband power amplifiers, which use CPI high power Cavity Coupled Traveling Wave Tubes (CCTWTs). Both frequencies are transmitted through a dual-band Cassegrain feed and a common 5-meter aperture parabolic dish antenna. Four S-band tubes provide 50kW average power and one X-band tube produces 35kW average power. The S-band radar has a beam width of 1.24 degrees. S-Band performs surveillance (target detection and acquisition), narrow-band tracking, and wide-band imaging. The X-band radar has a beam width of 0.4 degrees that is centered in the S-band field of view. X-Band is slaved to the S-band tracker, and collects narrow-band and wide-band metric data as well as wide-band imaging data. (U) The system uses super-hetrodyne receivers. The S-band system uses a double-down conversation receiver, while the X-band system uses a triple down-conversion receiver. The instantaneous bandwidth is 300 MHz and 1GHz at S- and X-band, respectively. Both receivers use High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) amplifiers. (U) The main computer is a Silicon Graphics' Power Challenge XL. It runs the IRIX 6.2 real-time UNIX operating system. The console and displays are made up of six Silicon Graphics' INDX Graphics Workstations which use R-4600 processing units.
milstar: Description (U): (U) The system collects dual frequency (S- and X-band), high precision metric and signature data on targets of interest. The S-band radar uses a mission profile to perform surveillance (target detection and acquisition), tracking, object classification, and wide or narrow band data collection. A wide repertoire of transmitter waveforms is available to aid in target discrimination and analysis. The X-band radar can perform wide band data collection on manually designated objects from the S-band radar. (U) The S-band phased array consists of 12,288 active independent antenna elements. The S-band radar has a 45-degree maximum instantaneous field of view. The phased array is mounted in one face of a nearly cubical (30-foot) rotating turret that houses the transmitter, microwave circuits, and the inertial navigation unit. The S-band transmitter is composed of 16 broadband Traveling Wave Tube (TWT) power amplifiers. (U) The X-band radar is composed of a 30 foot parabolic dish, horn and subreflector mounted on a pedestal. Some of the X-band electronics, including the TWT Power amplifiers, are in the on-mount room and are fed by flexible cables from equipment located on a lower deck of the ship. (U) The S-band and X-band radars are controlled by a single CYBER 170 mainframe computer system. A second CYBER is available as backup. The CYBERs are of 1973 vintage. To ensure future system sustainability and maintainability, much of COBRA JUDY's data processing and RF subsystem equipment is scheduled to be replaced with modern (COBRA GEMINI) technologies during FY98-02. (U) Mission data is provided to the National Air Intelligence Center (NAIC) for reduction and analysis. http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/nssrm/initiatives/cobrajud.htm
milstar: Electronic Systems Center is developing a program that will result in what is believed to be the first dual-band, sea- and land-based radar system. The Cobra Gemini program will acquire three X- and S-band radar systems that can detect, acquire, track and collect both high-precision metric and signature data on targets of interest. CG is designed to be transportable and capable of operating anywhere in the world in either a land or sea-based mode. This program is included with other funding in Program Element 31315. Properly deployed ship-based radars with ranges of about 2000 km can provide a forward-based radar missile defense interceptor commit function against many of the potential threats to the US. These radars can remain silent until cued by DSP or SBIRS-High. Because they would be difficult to target due to mobility and unknown location of ships, they would add robustness against defense suppression attacks, particularly before SBIRS-Low is available. Sea-based radars could be added to the NMD architecture to provide robustness against certain defense suppression attacks before SBIRS-Low is available, and in some scenarios, to provide an earlier interceptor commit. Two such radars could be procured, installed on existing ships, and integrated with NMD BM/C3 for a total cost of less than $0.5B. O&S costs for the ships would total about $0.03B/year. Tracking is performed at S-band. The X-Band frequency, essential for signature data collection and for supporting the wide bandwidth imaging requirement, is not well-suited for initial target acquisition or tracking complexes which have significant spatial separation. At S-Band, the area of the beam is ten times greater than at X-Band and results in an excellent acquisition and tracking capability. X-band monopulse is not being considered due to cost and complications to feed and receiver design. The maximum range window to be covered in bow-tie search mode is 1200 km. In the nominal mission scenario this window will extend from 300 km range to 1500 km range with 1 second dwell [1 second of noncoherent integration]. http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/track/cobra_gemini.htm
milstar: COBRA DANE generates approximately 15.4 MW of peak RF power (0.92 MW average) from 96 Traveling Wave Tube (TWT) amplifiers arranged in 12 groups of 8. This power is radiated through 15,360 active array elements, which together with 19,408 inactive elements comprise the 94.5 ft diameter array face. (U) The system, designated AN/FPS-108, has a phased array L-Band antenna containing 15,360 radiating elements occupying 95% of the roughly 100 by 100 foot area of one face of the building housing the system. The antenna is oriented toward the west, monitoring the northern Pacific missile test areas. http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/nssrm/initiatives/cobradan.htm 1215 mgz -1400 mgz ######################## Razreschenie wische w 6 raz po srawneniju s Pave Paws 420-450 mgz ################################################# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobra_Dane First deployed in 1977, the AN/FPS-108 radar operates in the 1215-1400 MHz band using a 29m phased array antenna. The primary mission is to track and collect data on foreign intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) and submarine launched ballistic missile (SLBM) test launches to the Kamchatka impact area and the broad ocean impact areas in the Pacific Ocean. The metric and signature data collected support START 2 and INF treaty monitoring, and scientific and technical intelligence efforts. http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/track/cobra_dane.htm Dlja srawnenija s Cobra Dane Pave Paws -moschnost* i razreschenie nize http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/track/pavepaws.htm Peak Power 1,792 active elements at 325 watts = 582.4 kilowatts (kW) Duty Factor 25% (11% search, 14% track) Average Power 145.6 kW Effective Transmit Gain 37.92 decibel (dB) Active Radar Diameter 22.1 meters Frequency 420 megahertz (MHz) to 450 MHz Radar Detection Range 5,556 kilometers (3,000 nautical miles) Wavelength 0.69 meters at 435 MHz Sidelobes -20 dB (first), -30 dB (second), -38 dB (root mean square) Face Tilt 20 degrees Number of Faces 2 3 dB Beam Width 2.2 degrees
milstar: http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/track/gao-03-600.pdf
milstar: SBX radar ,X band ,AFAR s nepolnim zapolneniem ( 10% ) 68 000 elementow predpolozitelno 1 megawatt srednej ( GaAS 16 watt X band dlaj woennogo primenenija www.triquint.com) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMk5J1XVj1I http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZzFOS8JOScI&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0vAlnRODzeU rjad foto http://www.fas.org/man/eprint/sbx-v2.pdf It typically cruises at about 7 knots, although it can go a little faster, can semi-submerse for extra stability and can operate in the roughest seas — sea states 8 and 9, Arn said. We needed a minimum of 50-foot depth. "We spend over 300 days a year at sea. It's maneuverable and has been all over the Pacific. It tracks small objects at very large, very long distances. You could put the SBX in Chesapeake Bay and it can track a baseball hit high outside Safeco Field. Radar is an 85-foot octagonal, 2100 tons." The platform submerges over 70 feet when at sea. "It's extremely important," he said of the radar. "This is an integral part of the ballistic missile defense system. It gives the ability to discriminate between what is a lethal object vs. what is a decoy or debris. There is only one. This is one of a kind. It moves on its own, coming in here about 7 knots. It can move slightly faster. It performs extremely well in high winds and waves. "It can berth 100 folks, but typically the crew is 85 to 90. This is contract (civilian) manned and operated. We have a contract with Boeing. Retired Air Force Lt. Gen. Henry Obering, who until recently headed the Missile Defense Agency, said the SBX would have gathered data other U.S. systems could not. "The sea-based X-band radar is clearly without a doubt the most powerful and capable sensor in all of our missile defense inventory," he said. "It is three or four more times powerful than other radars" in Asia, including Aegis-equipped ships, a Cobra Dane early warning radar in Alaska and a small X-band radar in northern Japan, he said. MOSS CS-50 maritime platform leaves Sevmash shipyard Posted by: Admin on Oct 08, 2008 - 03:15 MOSS CS-50 maritime platform has left the water area of Sevmash shipyard, the company’s press center informs. Upon completion of the customs and border control at the outer harbor of Archangelsk seaport MOSS CS-50 will sail to Great Britain. It is already the second platform of such type built at OAO “PO “Sevmash”. On the 23rd of September 2008 OAO “PO “Sevmash” shipbuilders handed over the second maritime platform MOSS CS-50. The first object was commissioned in September 2007 . “Today we carry on negotiations regarding the third and following platforms. We hope to receive orders from foreign and native companies,” Director General of Sevmash Nikolay Kalistratov said. Design-automation system is implemented, procedures of complex welds manufacturing, large sections mounting are developed in order to build MOSS platforms at OAO “PO. “Sevmash”. These engineering solutions allowed platform assembly afloat within 3.5 months. This is an optimum period of performing such operation at Russian shipyards ”We have made sure that in future Sevmash can build not only platforms with free deck, but also complete drilling platforms”, – noticed president of design bureau “Moss Maritime AS” Per Herbert Christensen”. MOSS CS-50 maritime platform refers to the 6th generation of maritime semi-submerged platforms. ########################################### Dimensions 118Ч70Ч40 meters, weight 15 thou.tons. Platform is universal, with free deck where any equipment can be placed. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea-based_X-band_Radar The Sea-Based X-Band Radar is mounted on a fifth generation Norwegian-designed, Russian-built CS-50 semi-submersible twin-hulled oil-drilling platform. The hull was originally built at Vyborg Shipyard, hull number 101. Conversion of the platform was carried out at the AmFELS yard in Brownsville, Texas; the radar mount was built and mounted on the platform at the Kiewit yard in Ingleside, Texas, near Corpus Christi. It is nominally based at Adak Island in Alaska (though, as of early 2011, has never put into port at Adak) but can roam over the Pacific Ocean to detect incoming ballistic missiles. The platform is classed by ABS and has the IMO number of 8765412. In addition to the power consumed by the radar, the thrusters which make the platform self-propelled are all electric and require substantial power (maximum platform speed is in the neighborhood of 8 knots). To support this and all other electrical equipment, the platform currently has six, 3.6 megawatt generators (12 cylinder Caterpillar diesels). The generators are in two compartments, one port and one starboard. The maximum power currently drawn is roughly 12 megawatts, ############################# The radar antenna itself is described as being 384 square meters -------------------------------------------------------------------------- T.e. sredn. moschnost w ljubom sluchae nize 6 megawatt and there are plans to expand the number of generators to eight, so that one entire compartment could be lost and the platform would still continue to operate at full capability.
milstar: Система ПРО Москвы А-135 боеготова, ее модернизация позволит обеспечить надежную защиту столицы [info]i_korotchenko August 20th, 20:01 Недавние панические заявления Ашурбейли о небоеготовности ПРО Москвы следует отнести, вероятно, к своеобразному "рыхлению почвы", которое "Рауфович" провел в преддверии попытки, начиная с сентября, "потянуть одеяло на себя" в вопросе формирования Концерна ВКО. Попытка заранее оказалась с негодными средствами. И в самом деле - ашурбейливский демарш ударил сразу по президенту, премьер-министру и министру обороны, которые в первую очередь отвечают за обороноспособность государства. Так что сегодня Ашурбейли - это своеобразный "политический труп" - с точки зрения его перспектив сформировать и возглавить что-либо подобное. Что же касается системы ПРО Москвы А-135, то как минимум еще несколько десятков лет (после плановой модернизации) она будет одним из важных элементов системы воздушно-космической обороны России. (фото пресс-службы Концерна ПВО "Алмаз-Антей") rjad foto http://i-korotchenko.livejournal.com/265320.html#cutid1 Esli impulsnaja moschnost' 80 megawatt ,to srednjaa s xoroschim chansom boslche megawatta ################################################################# Predpolozitelno X bnd ,PFAR s nepolnim zapolneniem (10-15%) 250 000 vibratorov 4 *18 metrow diametrom ( kanal celi) 4 *10 metrow (kanal izdelija) Dostoinstwa Moschnost i dimaetr mozno sdelat rekordnimi ,w otlichii ot mobilnix ############################################# Nedostatok -ljuboj stazionarnij objekt s wisokim chasom budet porazen ################################################## silnim protivnikom ############# SBX dlja obespechenija stzabilnosti dlja 1 antenni potrebowalos 50 000 tonn wodoizmeschenija ############################################################### Cobra Gemini dlja antenni diametrom 5 metrow 2000 tonn Wes zerkala antenni srawnitelno nebolschnoj ,esli ona iz titana Haystck 37.5 metra diametrom iz titana wsego 50 tonn 18 metrow sootw 12.5 tonni
milstar: Testing of System A-135 at Sary Shagan from 1976 to 1980 confirmed the performance parameters of the system, and it was operational in 1989. Construction of the new launch sites began around Moscow, including the construction of the new 5N20 Don-2N (PILL BOX) phased-array radar and battle management facility, located at 56°10'23.81"N 37°46'11.87"E. The Don-2N is a large phased array system and consists of four phased arrays mounted on a pyramidal structure housing the command and control elements. Its function is to perform target tracking and missile guidance, in the same manner that the Dunai-series radars served System A-35 and System A-35M. Initial target acquisition is handled by the BMEW network, with target track handoffs to the Don-2N being accomplished to perform intercepts. The Don-2N can be seen in the image below: http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-Rus-ABM-Systems.html It is interesting to note that with the inconsistent deployment of the 53T6 missiles, System A-135 falls exactly 16 interceptors short of the limitations imposed by the 1972 ABM Treaty. It is possible that there were plans for two more 8 silo 51T6 interceptor sites, but that they were not proceeded with, or that there were similar unfinished plans for another 16-silo 53T6 site.
milstar: Darjal srednjaa(! ne impulsnaya) moschnost sootw predpolozitelno wischechem 1 megawatt w diapazone 150-200 mhz ############################################################ The transmitter antenna of the radar had dimensions of 30 x 40 meters. The antenna included many centrally controlled transmitters within it. The receiving antenna had dimensions of 80 x 80 meters. The radar worked in the meter bandwidth. [url=http://iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/20734/Podvig-S&GS.pdf]http://iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/20734/Podvig-S&GS.pdf[/url] Dannie Podwiga pod somneniem (maloverojatno chto Don-2NP imeetdlinuwolni 1 sm=0.01metra,chastota 30 ghz skoree 8 ghz) http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/daryal.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qabala_Radar
milstar: Dannie po RLS Don -2NP http://vko.ru/database/images/pictures/archive/1103/70-01.jpg Diapazon -ne ykazan (predpolozitelno X) Tip - ne ykzano(predpolozitelno PFAR s nepolnim zapolneniem) Moschnost- 0.82 megawatt/78 megawatt Kanalnost- 32 ( na nix delitsja moschnsot 0.78 megawatt) Tochnost po dalnosti -10 metrow Tochnost po yglam -2 minuti Haystack is also used by MIT Lincoln Laboratory as a radar which acts as a contributing sensor to the United States Space Surveillance Network and as a radar technology testbed. The Haystack Radar utilizes the 37 m Haystack antenna to generate radar images of satellites orbiting the Earth. These images are used by the United States Strategic Command to assess satellite structure, mission, and status. The radar is also used to collect data on orbiting space debris. Orbiting debris could be a threat to the International Space Station, the Space Shuttle, and other satellites. The Haystack Radar has been the major contributor to understanding the space debris environment in the 1-10 cm size regime. The Haystack Radar currently operates in the 9.5 GHz to 10.5 GHz frequency band. As part of the upgrade, a millimeter-wave radar that operates in the 92 GHz to 100 GHz frequency band will be added to the system. The new radar will use an innovative transmitter design and signal processing to achieve image resolution that is about 10 times better than what is currently available. The existing 37 meter (120 foot) antenna will be replaced by a new dish, accurate to 0.1 millimeter (0.004 inch) over its entire surface, which is a factor of 3 better than at present. The new antenna will permit the Haystack radio-telescope to operate in the 150 GHz range or higher, making it a premier radio-astronomy facility. L-3 ESSCO of Concord, MA, has been selected to design, fabricate, and install the new antenna http://www.haystack.edu/obs/haystack/LincolnUpgrade.pdf Srednjaa moschnost w X band 200 kwt . Ysilitel w vertex 2.4 metra *2.4 metra*3.6 metra ############################################################# pri polose 1000 mgz ( razr. sposobnost 250 mm ) ################################## Pri polose 8000 mgz i extrapoljazii polosi -do 10 mm (mozno chitat nomera awtomaschini ,esli bi ona letala na orbite)
milstar: ALCOR,MMW,Haystack & ALCOR. Simple tracking radars can collect metric data (that is, determine the location and trajectory of a target) but can do little in the way of processing signature data (for example, determine target size or shape). Interest in wideband measurements resulted from the need to reject small decoys that might be otherwise credible targets (that is, they might have credible slowdown and present warhead-like radar cross section [RCS] levels to a narrowband radar). Initial work on wideband radars focused on the hardware required to generate and process high-resolution waveforms [10]. Initial tests of ALCOR in the 1970s showed that length measurements were feasible and ################################## could provide important discrimination information against penaids such as small decoys. Later in this period, Laboratory staff developed and installed surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices for pulse compression. http://www.ll.mit.edu/publications/journal/pdf/vol13_no1/13_1overview.pdf In particular, effective discrimination against strategic threats requires a means of dealing with potentially large numbers of small decoys and penaids at high altitudes well beyond the level where atmospheric deceleration becomes a discriminator between heavy and lightweight objects. ###################### http://www.ll.mit.edu/publications/journal/pdf/vol12_no2/12_2widebandradar.pdf The truth of this claim became abundantly clear shortly after ALCOR came on line. The space-surveillance community had arranged to enlist ALCOR in tracking satellites on a noninterference basis. Then in 1970 China launched its first satellite, which was observed by ALCOR. Analysis of ALCOR images of the booster rocket body revealed the dimensions of this object. This information was of great interest to the Department of Defense because it gave insight into the size and payload capacity of the forthcoming Chinese ICBMs. This observation, which was a historic first for the defense establishment, resulted in satellite imaging missions becoming an integral part of ALCOR operations. More recently, the use of wideband phased-array #################################### Ix raz. sposbnost ogranichena diapazonom X i sootw. polosoj signala 1000 mgz Dlaj realizacii polnoj PFAR ili AFAR na 35 ghz nuzno w 16 raz bolsche elementow na 35 ghz chem w X diapazoen ( X -band 2750 elemntow na kw. metr) ... radars has greatly facilitated the transition of BMD weapons systems from nuclear to non-nuclear, hit-tokill interception techniques. These radars use modern solid state microwave technology and high-capacity high-speed computers and signal processors, all of which permit near-real-time imaging and discrimination processing on a large number of targets. http://www.ll.mit.edu/publications/journal/pdf/vol12_no2/12_2widebandradar.pdf str.4 ALCOR, shown in Figure 2, was the first highpower, long-range, wideband field radar system. It became operational at Kwajalein Atoll in 1970, and was probably the first wideband radar in the world to reach that status, Figure 2(a) shows the sixty-eight-foot-diameter ALCOR radome, and Figure 2(b) shows the forty-foot ALCOR antenna and its pedestal inside the radome. ALCOR operates at C-band (5672 MHz) with a signal bandwidth of 512 MHz that yields a range resolution of 0.5 m. (The ALCOR signal was heavily weighted to produce low range sidelobes with the concurrent broadening of the resolution.) Its widebandwidth waveform is a 10-мsec pulse linearly swept over the 512-MHz frequency range. High signal-tonoise ratio of 23 dB per pulse on a one-square-meter target at a range of a thousand kilometers is achieved with a high-power transmitter (3 MW peak and 6 kW average) and a forty-foot-diameter antenna. Cross-range resolution comparable to range resolution is achievable with Doppler processing for targets rotating at least 3° in the observation time. The pulserepetition frequency of this waveform is two hundred pulses per second. This is accomplished in a timebandwidth exchange technique (originated at the Airborne Instrument Laboratory, in Mineola, New York) called stretch processing [4], which retains range resolution but restricts range coverage to a narrow thirtymeter window. In order to acquire and track targets and designate desired targets to the thirty-meter wideband window, ALCOR has a narrowband waveform with a duration of 10.2 мsec and bandwidth of 6 MHz. This narrowband waveform has a much larger 2.5-km range data window. The ALCOR beamwidth is 5.2 milliradians, or 0.3°. This beamwidth, together with a high-performance antenna mount, enables ALCOR to produce precision target trajectories and provide high-quality designation data to the other Kwajalein radars. This very narrow beam also caused some real challenges in target search and acquisition.
milstar: http://www.redstar.ru/2011/08/23_08/2_03.html «Сердце» системы ПРО - многофункциональная радиолокационная станция (РЛС) «Дон-2Н». Красный диплом Московского военного института радиоэлектроники Космических войск стал для Евгения «пропуском» на систему ПРО. Сегодня, спустя два года после окончания вуза, штатная должность Ерёмина - заместитель начальника штаба по боевому управлению, это для молодого офицера очень хороший старт. старший лейтенант Ерёмин сегодня получает со всеми надбавками 70 тысяч рублей.
milstar: 1.HAX auxilary radar ydalso poluchit polosu 2000 mhz w Ku band ...13-15 ghz ##################################################### 2.Radar The Raytheon AN/APQ-181 covert strike radar, operating at J band (Ku band), ################################################## is a multi-purpose radar with terrain following and terrain avoidance modes. Testing at Edwards Air Force Base has demonstrated reliable terrain following at altitudes down to 200ft. In April, 2009 Northrop Grumman Corporation delivered to the US Air Force the first operational B-2 Spirit stealth bomber to be equipped with newly modernised radar. The aircraft was officially handed off to the air force on at Whiteman Air Force Base, the operational home of the B-2 fleet and the 509th Bomb Wing. The updated aircraft will be used by air force to conduct additional field testing of the radar, and the data gathered from these decisions will support future fielding decisions. The B-2 radar modernisation programme replaces the aircraft's original radar system with one that incorporates technology improvements that have occurred since the B-2 was originally designed in the early 1980s. In November 2002, Raytheon was awarded a contract to develop a new Ku-band AESA (active electronically scanned array) antenna for the B-2 radar ############################################################################################## to avoid interference with commercial satellite systems after 2007. Flight tests with new radar began in October 2007 and will continue in 2008. Installation of the new antenna on the B-2 fleet is to be completed by 2010.
milstar: The Haystack Auxiliary Radar, or HAX, came online in 1993. Operating at approximately 16 GHz, HAX provides potent satellite-imaging capability that can be used when the larger Haystack antenna must operate in a radio-astronomy mode. Both Haystack and HAX contribute data to a NASA-sponsored survey of orbital debris http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/systems/haystack.htm
milstar: PAR radar Safeguard , L(?) band http://srmsc.org/pdf/004430p0.pdf Missile site radar http://srmsc.org/pdf/004429p0.pdf 4 face po 4 metra dimetrom ,kazdaja 5000 phase array elementow ,S-band s polnim zapolneniem processsobstw. dannie i dannie ot PAR MSR receiver 3 kanala summarnij kanal+ 2 kanala raznici implementirowan 4 kanal Q dlja sidelobe blanking 30 mhz IF/pch (kak i w RLS programmi Appolo) ...sootw .4 kanala IF/pch s nesuschej 30 mhz http://srmsc.org/ref1020.html#p2ch8 MSR range 300 mil = okolo 500 km PAR range 1800 mill = okolo 2900 km
milstar: http://srmsc.org/pdf/004423p0.pdf Chustw target track radar -110 dbm oxlazdaemioj maser RF amplifier nominalno cel 0.1 kw.metra 1. Zeus Acquisition radar -Defense centr Kazdaya battareya ( ywelich do 3 batterj -division ------------------------ 2. Discrimination radar -minimum 1 ,maximum -3 3. Target track radar - minimum 3 ,maximum -10 4. Missile track radar -minimum 6 ,maximum -18 5. Raket - minimum -24 ,maximum -72
milstar: ZAR radarperedatchik 3 sekzii , kazdaja po 600 kwt sredenej ,raznieantennidlja priemai peredachi ,870-960 mhz , antenni okolo 25 metrow * 0.75 metra chirina lucha 0.9° Azimut * 75° elevation,28 db ysilenie ispolzowanna LCHM - dlinnij puls-maximalnij rang - korotkij -maximalnoe razreschenie 97.7 pulsa pro sekundu 650 microsek ,LCHM -400 khz menjaetsja w kazdom pulse ---------------------- primenie antenni okolo 25 metrow diametrom 0.9° azimuti i elevazija 41 db ysilenie ----------------- 3.5 db noise (T=720° K) ,231 priemnik 600 nm dalnost (bolee 1100 km )dlj 90% verojatnosti generazii reporta cel 0.1 kw.metra na odno skanirowanie Razreschenie = 250 metrow
milstar: Discrimination radar ,6.7 metra =D , subreflector 4.5 metra 1270-1400 mhz ,78 kwt sredenej /40 megawat impulsnoj 97.7 pulsa w sek ,20 microsec duration 2* klystrona LCHM -10 mhz w pulse Schirina lucha ot 2.5 ° do 20° ,menjaetsja dwizeniem subreflectora na 0.45 metra ysilenie sootw 36 db -18 db maser 120° K IF = 30 mhz range dlja o.1 kw.metra EPR ################## pri 20° = 85 nm w centr =bolee 155 km ,60 nm at -3 db points of beam pri 2.5° = 700 nm primerno 1300 km ,500 nm at -3 db pointsof beam (22 nmi cloud coverage) razreschenie range -5 yard yglovoe - 10% of off axis angle (0.4 mil minimum)
milstar: http://ria.ru/tv_defense_safety/20120504/641160640.html
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